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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ilvm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нормативно-правовое регулирование в ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Legal regulation in veterinary medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-6252</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2782-6252.2026.1.123</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ilvm-1030</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНВАЗИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INVASIVE DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Механизм антигельминтной резистентности: пути решения проблемы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mechanism of anthelmintic resistance: solution of the problem</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5651-5976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаврилова Надежда Алексеевна - д-р ветеринар. наук, проф.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda Al. Gavrilova - Dr. of Veterinary Sciences, Professor </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadezhda.gavrilova65@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаврилова Н.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаврилова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gavrilova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ilvm.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1030">https://ilvm.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1030</self-uri><abstract><p>Глобальная проблема гельминтозов у животных усугубляется стремительным развитием резистентности паразитов к антигельминтикам, вызванным их широким и избыточным применением. Настоящая статья обобщает научные данные, посвященные изучению причин и механизмов возникновения антигельминтной резистентности у паразитов. Результаты многочисленных исследований подтверждают тенденцию к увеличению устойчивости гельминтов к таким классам препаратов, как бензимидазолы, тетрагидропиримидины, имидазотиазолы и макроциклические лактоны. Развитие резистентности гельминтов к антигельминтным препаратам обусловлено активацией клеточных механизмов, направленных на выведение лекарства, его метаболизм, а также модификацию или снижение доступности молекулярных мишеней. Эти процессы приводят к снижению эффективности препарата или ослаблению его терапевтического эффекта. Взаимосвязь между этими изменениями и уровнем резистентности варьируется в зависимости от вида гельминта. Макроциклические лактоны — это соединения, которые влияют на особые каналы в клетках, пропускающие хлорид-ионы. Эти каналы, управляемые лигандами, являются мишенью для разработки новых лекарств. Однако, если в генах, ответственных за создание этих каналов, происходят изменения (мутации), это может привести к тому, что лечение перестанет быть эффективным. Кроме того, существуют специальные белки-переносчики, такие как P-гликопротеины, которые активно выкачивают лекарственные молекулы из клеток. Это снижает концентрацию препарата внутри клетки, не давая ему добраться до нужного. Механизм, по которому паразиты становятся устойчивыми к бензимидазольным антигельминтикам, напрямую связан с изменениями в структуре белка β-тубулина. Чтобы эффективно противостоять развитию этой устойчивости, первоочередной задачей является замедление распространения генов, которые способствуют ее формированию. Важно внедрять стратегии для замедления эволюции устойчивости на самых ранних этапах. Основным инструментом для достижения этой цели является поддержание достаточного "рефугиума" – доли популяции паразитов, котораяне подвергается воздействию лекарственного средства. Такой подход предотвращает естественный отбор, который благоприятствует выживанию и размножению устойчивых форм паразитов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The global problem of helminthiasis in animals is exacerbated by the rapid development of parasite resistance to anthelmintics, caused by their widespread and excessive use. This article summarizes scientific data dedicated to studying the causes and mechanisms of anthelmintic resistance in parasites. The results of numerous studies confirm a trend towards increasing resistance of helminths to drug classes such as benzimidazoles, tetrahydropyrimidines, imidazothiazoles, and macrocyclic lactones. The development of helminth resistance to anthelmintic drugs is caused by the activation of cellular mechanisms aimed at drug efflux, its metabolism, as well as the modification or reduced accessibility of molecular targets. These processes lead to a decrease in drug efficacy or a weakening of its therapeutic effect. The relationship between these changes and the level of resistance varies depending on the helminth species. Macrocyclic lactones are compounds that affect specific channels in cells that allow chloride ions to pass through. These ligand-gated channels are a target for the development of new drugs. However, if changes (mutations) occur in the genes responsible for creating these channels, it can lead to treatments becoming ineffective. Furthermore, there are special transporter proteins, such as P-glycoproteins, that actively pump drug molecules out of cells. This reduces the concentration of the drug inside the cell, preventing it from reaching its intended target. The mechanism by which parasites become resistant to benzimidazole anthelmintics is directly linked to changes in the structure of the β-tubulin protein. To effectively counteract the development of this resistance, the primary task is to slow down the spread of genes that contribute to its formation. It is important to implement strategies to slow down the evolution of resistance at the earliest stages. The primary tool for achieving this goal is maintaining a sufficient "refugium" – a proportion of the parasite population that is not exposed to the drug. This approach prevents natural selection, which favors the survival and reproduction of resistant parasite forms.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гельминты</kwd><kwd>антигельминтики</kwd><kwd>механизм резистентности</kwd><kwd>рефугиум</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>helminths</kwd><kwd>anthelmintics</kwd><kwd>resistance mechanism</kwd><kwd>refugium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баранова М.В., Панова О.А. Период повторного появления яиц нематод после проведенной антигельминтной терапии у лошадей на территории Московской области. 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