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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ilvm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нормативно-правовое регулирование в ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Legal regulation in veterinary medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-6252</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2782-6252.2026.1.158</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ilvm-1037</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НЕЗАРАЗНЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Инфекции мочевыводящих путей у кошек и собак: разработка нового протокола эмпирической терапии на основе данных о виде возбудителя и его антибиотикорезистентности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urinary tract infections in cats and dogs: a new protocol of empirical therapy based on data on the resistance of 228 urine samples from 2024-2026</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2562-8258</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фарухшин</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Farukhshin</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Артур Фаридович Фарухшин - аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artur F. Farukhshin - Postgraduate Student </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3614-4730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яшин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yashin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Викторович Яшин - д-р ветеринар. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly V. Yashin - Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5582-5155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прусаков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prusakov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Викторович Прусаков - д-р ветеринар. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Prusakov - Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prusakovv-av@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>158</fpage><lpage>162</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Фарухшин А.Ф., Яшин А.В., Прусаков А.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фарухшин А.Ф., Яшин А.В., Прусаков А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Farukhshin A.F., Yashin A.V., Prusakov A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ilvm.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1037">https://ilvm.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1037</self-uri><abstract><p>В ветеринарной практике инфекции мочевыводящих путей (ИМП) являются одними из самых часто регистрируемых заболеваний. Их лечение осложнено ростом антибиотикорезистентности. При этом следует учитывать нефротоксичность некоторых антибиотиков. При подборе антибактериального препарата, лежащего в основе терапии данных патологий, до уточнения сведений о возбудителе, получаемых по результатам бактериологического посева, целесообразно в качестве ориентира для выбора эмпирической терапии использовать данные клинического анализа мочи. Цель исследования – разработать новый эффективный протокол эмпирической терапии инфекций мочевыводящих путей, опираясь на данные о виде возбудителя и его чувствительности к антимикробным препаратам выявленные при микроскопии осадка мочи. Исследование основано на ретроспективном анализе 228 данных исследования проб мочи, полученных от домашних плотоядных животных в период с 2024 по 2026. При проведении бактериологического исследования чувствительность микроорганизмов к антимикробным препаратам определяли согласно рекомендациям EUCAST (vet) и МАКМАХ, с учетом их приобретённой и природной резистентности. В результате проведенных исследований установили, что доля отрицательных посевов составила 15,4%. В случае положительного результата, наиболее часто высеивалась E. Coli (48,2%), а наивысшую антимикробную активность (&gt;95%) сохранили антимикробные препараты нитрофурантоин (97,1%) и фосфомицин (97,1%). Однако, известно, что фосфомицин обладает доказанной нефротоксичностью в отношении кошек. В свою очередь препараты из группы фторхинолонов показали низкую антибактериальную эффективность (&lt;60%). При этом доля мультирезистентных изолятов E. coli составила 34,4%, что согласуется с данными ВГНКИ.Таким образом на основании проведенного ретроспективного анализа данных результатов общего и бактериологического анализа мочи полученных от домашних плотоядных, с клиническими признаками урологических патологий, в период с 2024 по 2026, нами был разработан алгоритм эмпирического назначения антимикробных препаратов при терапии инфекционных болезней мочевыделительной системы, применение которого позволяет проводить их раннюю терапию, не дожидаясь бактериологического исследования мочи.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In veterinary practice, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most frequently reported diseases. Their treatment is complicated by the growth of antibiotic resistance. The nephrotoxicity of some antibiotics should be taken into account. When selecting an antibacterial drug underlying the treatment of these pathologies, before clarifying information about the pathogen obtained from the results of bacteriological culture, it is advisable to use the data of clinical urinalysis as a guideline for choosing empirical therapy. The aim of the study is to develop a new effective protocol for the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections, based on data on the type of pathogen and its sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs detected by microscopy of urine sediment. The study is based on a retrospective analysis of 228 urine sample data collected from domestic carnivores between 2024 and 2026. During their bacteriological examination, the sensitivity of microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs was determined according to the recommendations of EUCAST (vet) and MACMAH, taking into account their acquired and natural resistance. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the share of negative crops was 15.4%. In case of a positive result, E. coli was sown most often (48.2%), and antimicrobial drugs nitrofurantoin (97.1%) and fosfomycin (97.1%) retained the highest antimicrobial activity (&gt;95%). However, fosfomycin is known to have proven nephrotoxicity against cats. In turn, drugs from the group of fluoroquinolones showed low antibacterial efficacy (&lt;60%). At the same time, the proportion of multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates was 34.4%, which is consistent with the data of the HCNCI.Thus, based on a retrospective analysis of the results of general and bacteriological analysis of urine obtained from domestic carnivores with clinical signs of urological pathologies, in the period from 2024 to 2026, we developed an algorithm for the empirical administration of antimicrobials in the treatment of infectious diseases of the urinary system, the use of which allows for their early therapy without waiting for bacteriological examination of urine.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>инфекции мочевыводящих путей</kwd><kwd>кошки</kwd><kwd>собаки</kwd><kwd>нефротоксичность</kwd><kwd>эмпирическая терапия</kwd><kwd>нитрофурантоин</kwd><kwd>общий анализ мочи</kwd><kwd>микроскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>urinary tract infections</kwd><kwd>cats</kwd><kwd>dogs</kwd><kwd>nephrotoxicity</kwd><kwd>empirical therapy</kwd><kwd>nitrofurantoin</kwd><kwd>general urinalysis</kwd><kwd>microscopy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акулич ОА, Шадрова НБ, Денисова ГС. 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