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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ilvm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нормативно-правовое регулирование в ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Legal regulation in veterinary medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-6252</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2782-6252.2026.2.217</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ilvm-1106</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОХИМИЯ, АНАТОМИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOCHEMISTRY, ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности развития фабрициевой сумки цыплят-бройлеров в результате дозированного низкотемпературного воздействия в чувствительный период раннего эмбриогенеза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of development of the bursa Fabricia in broiler chickens resulting from dosed low-temperature exposure during the sensitive period of early embryogenesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Сергеевна Федорова - канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Fedorova - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Osot2005@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9504-3916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Станишевская</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stanishevskaya</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Игоревна Станишевская - д-р биол. наук, главный научный сотрудник </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Ig. Stanishevskaya - Dr. of Biological Sciences, Chief Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л. К. Эрнста»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Farm Animals – Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry – All-Russian Research Institute of Livestock Breeding named after Academician L.K. Ernst”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>217</fpage><lpage>221</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федорова Е.С., Станишевская О.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федорова Е.С., Станишевская О.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorova E.S., Stanishevskaya O.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ilvm.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1106">https://ilvm.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1106</self-uri><abstract><p>Воздействие абиотических факторов в период раннего эмбрионального развития может служить методом управления онтогенезом с целью повышения адаптационных способностей кур. Основной целью данного исследования было апробировать технологический прием для повышения общей резистентности молодняка кур в критический период выращивания (первые 2 недели жизни) на птице современного коммерческого кросса.Исследования проведены на цыплятах промышленного мясного кросса «Росс-308». При проведении исследований были использованы методики подготовки и окраски гистологических срезов бурсы гематоксилином-эозином, синтеза кДНК и ПЦР-РВ для определения относительной экспрессии генов TLR7 и IL7. Режим инкубации яиц: 1 – 6 сутки 37,8оС, 7 – 17 сутки 37,5оС, 18 – 21 сутки 37,2 – 37,3оС. На 5,5 сутки инкубации проводили охлаждение эмбрионов опытных групп в течение 6 часов при +16…+18оС. Стрессфактором, на фоне которого проводили оценку влияния режима инкубации на развитие (индекс, морфология) и функцию бурсы (относительная экспрессия генов иммунитета TLR7 и IL7), была выбрана вакцинация цыплят живой вакциной против болезни Гамборо, или инфекционной бурсальной болезни (ИББ). В результате исследований установлено, что однократное дозированное низкотемпературное воздействие в чувствительный период раннего эмбриогенеза способствует лучшему развитию бурсы к 14- суточному возрасту (индекс бурсы в опытной группе на 16 – 20 % выше, чем в контроле). После прививки от болезни Гамборо у цыплят опытной группы наблюдается меньшее угнетение бурсы, в отличие от контрольной, в которой на 6-й день после вакцинации наблюдается увеличение лимфоидных фолликулов, уменьшение в них медуллярной зоны и увеличение корковой. Toll-подобные рецепторы у цыплят в опыте значительно быстрее индуцируют возникновение воспалительной реакции и выработку цитокинов в ответ на вакцинацию живой вакциной, о чем свидетельствует более высокий уровень пика экспрессии гена IL-7 (в 1,8 – 2,6 раза выше, p&lt;0,001) на 6-е сутки после вакцинации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The influence of abiotic factors during early embryonic development can serve as a method of managing ontogenesis in order to increase the adaptive abilities of chickens. The main purpose of this study was to test a technological technique to increase the overall resistance of chickens during the critical rearing period (the first 2 weeks of life) using commercial meat cross chickens. The research was carried out on chickens of the "Ross-308" commercial meat cross. During the research, methods of preparation and staining of histological sections of bursa with hematoxylin-eosin, cDNA synthesis and PCR-RV were used to determine the relative expression of TLR7 and IL7 genes. Egg incubation mode: 1- 6 days 37.8°C, 7-17 days 37.5°C, 18-21 days 37.2 – 37.3°C. On the 5,5 day of incubation, the embryos of the experimental groups were cooled for 6 hours at +16... +18°C. The stress factor used to assess the effect of the incubation regime on development (index, morphology) and bursa function (relative expression of the TLR7 and IL7 immunity genes) was vaccination of chickens with a live Gumboro disease vaccine. As a result of the research, it was found that a single dosed low-temperature exposure during the sensitive period of early embryogenesis contributes to the better development of bursa by the age of 14 days (the bursa index in the experimental group is 16 – 20 % higher than in the control group). After vaccination against Gumboro disease, chickens of the experimental group showed less bursa suppression, in contrast to the control group, in which, on the 6th day after vaccination, there was an increase in lymphoid follicles, a decrease in the medullary zone and an increase in the cortical zone. Toll-like receptors in chickens in the experiment significantly faster induce the occurrence of an inflammatory reaction and cytokine production in response to vaccination with a live vaccine, as evidenced by a higher peak level of IL-7 gene expression (1.8 – 2.6 times higher, p&lt;0.001) on the 6th day after vaccination.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бройлеры</kwd><kwd>бурса</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>TLR7</kwd><kwd>IL-7</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>broilers</kwd><kwd>bursa</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>TLR7</kwd><kwd>IL-7</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ в рамках темы Государственного задания №124020200029-4.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amaz S.A., Poudel S., Pandey B.K., Burlakoti S., Jha R., Mishra B. 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