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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ilvm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Нормативно-правовое регулирование в ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Legal regulation in veterinary medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-6252</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2782-6252.2025.3.48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ilvm-920</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКУШЕРСТВО, ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ эффективности протоколов центрифугирования для предварительной обработки спермы производителей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of centr ifugation protocols for pre-treatment of sperm</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7011-4594</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корочкина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korochkina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Корочкина - д-р.ветеринар.наук, доц.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Al. Korochkina - Dr. of Veterinary Sciences, Assoc. Prof.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.kora@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Корочкина Е.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Корочкина Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korochkina E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ilvm.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/920">https://ilvm.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/920</self-uri><abstract><p>В современном животноводстве репродуктивные биотехнологии, такие как искусственное осеменение (ИО), играют ключевую роль в повышении продуктивности и улучшении генетического потенциала сельскохозяйственных животных. ИО позволяет не только максимально эффективно использовать генетический материал выдающихся производителей на большем количестве самок, но и снизить риск распространения инфекционных заболеваний, передающихся половым путем. Успех ИО во многом определяется качеством используемой спермы, которое зависит от методов обработки и хранения эякулята. Среди существующих методов селекции сперматозоидов, центрифугирование занимает одно из ведущих мест. Это метод основан на разделении компонентов эякулята под воздействием центробежной силы. В практике центрифугирования выделяют два основных подхода: стандартное и коллоидное центрифугирование. Стандартное центрифугирование представляет собой однократное разделение компонентов эякулята, при этом режим центрифугирования подбирается в соответствие видовым особенностями сперматозоидов: 200-400 об/мин в течение 5-12 мин для грызунов, 720 об/мин в течение 5 мин для собак, 2400 об/мин в течение 5 мин для жеребцов, 5000 об/мин в течение 5 мин для быков, 3000 об/мин в течение 3 мин для козлов, 2400 об/мин в течение 3 мин для кабанов Коллоидное центрифугирование предусматривает использование специальных коллоидных растворов (Percolltm, Isolate®, Porcicoll®, Bovicoll®, Equipure Bottom Layer®, PureSperm®) для более эффективного отделения сперматозоидов с наилучшими морфологическими и функциональными характеристиками. Коллоидное центрифугирование позволяет получить эякулят более высокого качества, поскольку с его помощью можно отделить не только семенную плазму, но и дефектные, малоподвижные сперматозоиды, а также клетки с поврежденной ДНК.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In modern animal husbandry, reproductive biotechnologies such as artificial insemination (AI) play a key role in increasing productivity and improving the genetic potential of farm animals. AI allows not only to use agricultural material issued by producers in a larger amount of the male animal as efficiently as possible, but also to reduce the risk of spreading sexually transmitted diseases. The success of AI is largely determined by the quality of the sperm used, which depends on the methods of processing and storing the ejaculate. Among the existing methods of sperm selection, centrifugation occupies one of the leading places. This method is based on the separation of the power components of the ejaculate under the influence of centrifugal. As an example of centrifugation, two main combinations were found: standard and colloidal centrifugation. Standard centrifugation is a single separation of the ejaculate components, with this centrifugation mode under transformations in accordance with the species characteristics of spermatozoa: 200-400 rpm for 5-12 min for rodents, 720 rpm for 5 min for dogs, 2400 rpm for 5 min for stallions, 5000 rpm for 5 min for bulls, 3000 rpm for 3 minutes for goats, 2400 rpm for 3 minutes for boars. Colloid centrifugation involves the use of special colloidal solutions (Percolltm, Isolate®, Porcicoll®, Bovicoll®, Equipure Bottom Layer®, PureSperm®) for more effective separation of spermatozoa formed with morphological and functional forms. Colloid centrifugation allows you to obtain higher quality ejaculate, since it can separate not only seminal plasma, but also defective, low-motility spermatozoa, as well as cells with damaged DNA.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>центрифугирование</kwd><kwd>протоколы</kwd><kwd>среды</kwd><kwd>эякулят</kwd><kwd>производители</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>centr ifugation</kwd><kwd>protocols</kwd><kwd>solutions</kwd><kwd>ejaculate</kwd><kwd>male</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бычкова О.В., Хлебова Л.П. Сельскохозяйственная биотехнология : учебное пособие. СПб. : Троицкий мост; 2023: 244 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bychkova O.V., Khlebova L.P. Agricultural biotechnology: a textbook. St. Petersburg: Troitsky Most; 2023: 244 p. 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