Monitoring of the implementation of the potential for reproduction of the Kholmogory breed of cattle in the farms of the North-West region of the Russia

Abstract

The most important side in breeding work is reproduction and its indicators. In modern conditions, domestic cattle breeds are losing their popularity, there is an intensive expansion of native breeds by Holstein bulls of American lines, which on the one hand leads to an increase in milk productivity, but at the same time leads to a decrease in the productive longevity of the livestock used. On the territory of the North-Western Federal District of the Russian Federation, mainly black-and-white root breeds are used, both locally selected, such as the Kholmogorskaya breed of cattle, the Yaroslavl breed, and "imported" ones.

The advantage of domestic cattle is that over the years, genotypically formed resistance to unfavorable paratypical factors has led to productive longevity, higher fertility rates than those of foreign-bred cattle used in the district. The young of native breeds have more advantages in terms of survival in the pre and postnatal periods of ontogenesis.

The study consisted in monitoring the realization of the reproduction potential among reproductive farms for the Kholmogorsky breed of cattle. The article presents materials on the monitoring carried out and their analysis is carried out, the indicators of reproduction on the territory of breeding farms are estimated. The analysis showed that the range of variability is about 10-15%, allowed us to draw conclusions about the need to control the quality of reproduction of young animals in livestock farms, confirmed the regularity (positive correlation) of live weight to the first insemination, as an indicator of growth and physiological development, created a number of recommendations for the zootechnical service of farms to improve the intensity of reproduction, increase the quality of the resulting repair livestock as a vector of improvement of the regional Kholmogorsky breed of cattle.