Diagnosis and treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in dogs
https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.2.60
Abstract
Among the etiological factors of gastroenteritis in dogs, cryptosporidiosis occupies about 40%. Gastroenteritis is one of the most common pathologies in veterinary practice. One of the causes of gastroenteritis is parasitic infestations, including coccidiosis. The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that there is a very small amount of materials covering cryptosporidiosis specifically in dogs. It is necessary to pay attention to this cococidosis, since it has an atypical life cycle, diagnosis, and at the same time is a zoonotic disease. This research paper presents clinical cases of 10 dogs that were spontaneously infected with cryptosporidiosis and examined in a veterinary clinic in St. Petersburg. Sick animals underwent a general clinical examination, which included: clinical examination, palpation, and laboratory tests. Blood samples were taken for clinical and biochemical analysis, general stool analysis, followed by staining. A rectal swab was taken for PCR testing. In adult dogs, clinical signs of this disease may be atypical. The picture of gastroenteritis is accompanied by diarrhea syndrome with watery feces and a large amount of mucus. The increase in segmented neutrophils is explained by parasitic invasion and caused intestinal inflammation. The increase in lactate degylrogenase is explained by increased destruction of enterocytes due to parasitism by protozoa - cryptosporidium. A general stool test is not informative for the detection of coccidia oocysts. It is PCR research that is an informative diagnostic method with extremely high sensitivity of up to 98%. The drug “Stop-coccid 5%” at a dosage of 0.2 ml/kg is an effective treatment for cryptosporidiosis in dogs. “Stop-coccid 5%” is a low-hazard substance; in recommended doses it does not cause complications or side effects, and does not interfere with the formation of immunity in animals. It is also necessary to carry out symptomatic treatment along with antiparasitic treatment, including antibiotic therapy (for example, a drug from the macrolide group «Tylosin»), since intestinal dysbacteriosis occurs due to the destruction of enterocytes.
Keywords
dog,
cryptosporidiosis,
protozoa,
coccidia,
sporozoites,
autoinvasion,
gastroenteritis,
«Stop-coccid 5%»
About the Authors
N. A. Germanovich
St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nadezhda A. Germanovich
N. V. Kuznetsova
St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nadezhda V. Kuznetsova, Ph.D of Veterinary Sciences, Docent
References
1. Belova, L.M. Protozoal diseases of animals: Textbook for universities / L.M. Belova, N.A. Gavrilova, V.A. Shiryaeva, Yu.E. Kuznetsov, O.A. Loginova, M.G. Roberman // St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, 2019. – 89 p. – ISBN.
2. Belova L.M., Gavrilova N.A., Pudovkin D.N., Tokarev A.N., Kuznetsov Yu.E. Liquid for the diagnosis of coccidia oocysts, balantidia and giardia cysts, helminth eggs of different classes, mites, insects, and their individual stages of development // Russian Patent No. 2472154. 2010.
3. Effect of the probiotic “Profort®” on the intestinal microbiome of dogs / T.P. Dunyashev, T.N. Romadina, D.G. Tyurina [and others] // Veterinary medicine. - 2022. - No. 7. - P. 51-54.
4. Study of the influence of feed additives in diseases of non-contagious etiology with diarrheal syndrome in dogs / N.V. Kuznetsova, V.V. Paiterova, Yu.E. Kuznetsov // International Bulletin of Veterinary Medicine. - 2021. - No. 1. - P. 73-80.
5. Kuznetsov, Yu.E. Study of acute toxicity of the new antibacterial drug “Azicycline” / Yu.E. Kuznetsov // Effective and safe medicines in veterinary medicine: Collection of scientific papers based on the materials of the IV International Congress of Veterinary Pharmacologists and Toxicologists. - 2016. - pp. 97-98.
6. Kuznetsov, Yu.E. Study of the therapeutic effectiveness of “Stop-coccid” in minks, foxes and arctic foxes / Yu.E. Kuznetsov, E.N. Kanapelko // Rabbit breeding and fur farming. - 2017. - No. 4. - P. 37-38.
7. Kuznetsov, Yu.E. Studying the effectiveness of the coccidiostat stop-coccid against eimeriosis and isosporosis of minks / Yu.E. Kuznetsov // Theory and practice of combating parasitic diseases. - 2015. - No. 16. - P. 199-200.
8. Kuznetsov, Yu.E. Clinical trial of the complex antibiotic azicycline for mink coccidiosis / Yu.E. Kuznetsov // Theory and practice of combating parasitic diseases. - 2015. - No. 16. - P. 201-202.
9. Kuznetsov, Yu.E. Parasitosis of fur-bearing animals on farms in the North-Western region of the Russian Federation (control and prevention measures): dis… on cois. uch. Art. D. vet. Sciences / St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. St. Petersburg, 2020. – 496 p.
10. Kuznetsov, Yu.E. Comparative assessment of the acute toxicity of the drugs Stop-coccid, Eimeterm suspension 5% and Baycox 5% when administered intragastrically to mice / Yu.E. Kuznetsov // Issues of legal regulation in veterinary medicine. - 2015. - No. 1. - pp. 108-111.
11. Kuznetsov, Yu.E. Comparison of the economic effectiveness of coccidiostats used to treat minks / Yu.E. Kuznetsov, N.V. Kuznetsova // Effective and safe medicines in veterinary medicine: Collection of scientific papers based on the materials of the V-th International Congress of Veterinary Pharmacologists and Toxicologists. - 2019. - pp. 110-113.
12. Kuznetsov, Yu.E. Comparative effectiveness of different coccidiostatics against eimeriidosis in minks In the book: Materials of the II International Veterinary Congress VET Instanbul Group-2015. St. Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. 2015. P. 246.
13. Kuznetsov, Yu.E. Eimeriidoses of minks / Yu.E. Kuznetsov // Modern science: current problems and ways to solve them. - 2015. - No. 1 (14). - P. 48-50.
14. Monitoring of the epizootic situation on protozoa in animal farms of the Kaliningrad region (2018-2020) / Yu.E. Kuznetsov, L.M. Belova L.M., N.A. Gavrilova [and others] // Agricultural biology. - 2021. - T. 56. - No. 4. - P. 718-729.
15. Toxicological studies of the new feed additive “Liquafeed®” / A.M. Lunegov, D.G. Tyurina, G.Yu. Laptev [and others] // Hippology and veterinary medicine. - 2022. - No. 2 (44). - pp. 206-212.
16. Shcherbina, Yu.A. Therapeutic effectiveness of aminoglycosides for cryptosporidiosis in calves / Yu.A. Shcherbina, N.A. Gavrilova // Theory and practice of combating parasitic diseases. - 2022. - No. 23. - P. 532-536.
17. Electronic table “Cataloged reference book for identifying parasites” Sidorenko R.S., Sidorenko K.V., Mkrtchyan M.E., Kuznetsov Yu.E., Petrova M.S. Certificate of registration of a computer program 2022614593, 03/23/2022. Application No. 2022613882 dated 03/17/2022.
18. 16 S metagenomic analysis as a method for studying the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract of minks with eimeriidosis / Yu.E. Kuznetsov, N.V. Kuznetsova [and others] // Modern problems of general and particular parasitology: Collection of scientific papers based on the materials of the IV International Parasitological Symposium. Saint Petersburg. - 2022. - pp. 128-131.
19. Evaluation of the effectiveness of drugs for mink eimeriosis / Yu.E. Kuznetsov, L.M. Belova, N.A. Gavrilova [et al.] // Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - 2019. - T. 6. - No. 3. - P. 6849-6854.
20. Use of a new phytosorption complex for diarrhea in animals / V.A. Baryshev, O.S. Popova, Yu.E. Kuznetsov [et al.] // Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences. - 2018. - T. 9. No. 6. - P. 1800-1806.
Review
For citations:
Germanovich N.A., Kuznetsova N.V. Diagnosis and treatment of Cryptosporidiosis in dogs. Legal regulation in veterinary medicine. 2024;(2):60-65. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.2.60
Views:
418
Email this article 