According to government statistics, more than 6% of the total number of employees can be employed in the field of animal care, and the work of this area affects the health and well–being of a wide range of people - consumers of livestock products, visitors to leisure facilities where animals are exhibited and performed. The legislator has developed the relevant rules on labor protection, which are the subject of this article. Judicial practice is also considered, examples of the occurrence of administrative, civil, disciplinary and criminal liability related to violations of labor protection requirements are given. The conclusion is made about the effectiveness of the existing norms.

Hunting resources are a special object of legal regulation, in relation to which a specific regime for their protection and use can be established. The current legislation provides for differentiation of requirements in relation to hunting resources, in relation to which a prohibition or permit regime is introduced.

The article provides the main examples of establishing appropriate permits or prohibitions related to the extraction of hunting resources, which accordingly form the legal regime for the use and protection of wildlife.

Against the background of increasing antibiotic resistance among pathogens of bovine bronchopneumonia, interest in phagotherapy as a therapeutic tool is revived. Inhaled phagotherapy in turn has the potential to change the treatment regimen for bacterial respiratory infections, including those caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Inhaled drug delivery tools allow the delivery of bacteriophages directly to the lesion. An important advantage, especially when it comes to bacteriophages, is the ability to use smaller doses of drugs than would be required if another route of administration were chosen. The article presents the results of evaluating the efficacy of the inhalation method of administration of commercial bacteriophage preparations in a mouse model. Mice were divided into five groups (1,2-animals exposed to <I>Klebsiella pneumonia</I> infection and undergoing bacteriophage inhalation (n=6), 3-animals exposed to infection and not undergoing therapy (n=3), 4- control group of animals not exposed to infection (n=3)). Inhalations were performed using a compressor four-mode Neb-Aid inhaler (Flaem Nuova, Italy). Rapidflyam 2 nebuliser was used in mode I (particle size 0.8-2.0 μm). The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed therapy scheme, which allows further use of bactriophage-containing preparations in infectious diseases of animals.

A significant problem in the field of standardization in the monitoring of infectious animal diseases is the lack of a system of conventional symbols of veterinary significant objects used in geoinformation technologies, in particular in digital and electronic cartography. The object of the study is the conventional signs of veterinary significant objects, which in the context of display on digital maps can be defined as "non–scalable", marked with corresponding pictograms. A systematic approach has been applied as a methodological basis for the epizootological research method. The basic graphic format of the proposed SVG symbols is used – (Scalable Vector Graphics), which is a modern generally accepted vector format. This article presents the results of cartographic display of pictograms of one of the three sets of symbols for the database – veterinary facilities for various purposes – for which the method of selecting basic signs is used. An algorithm for fixing elements of symbols of veterinary significant objects in the vector format of the SVG geoinformation system with maximum use of free software and secure information technologies is presented. Images in SVG format can be directly represented in current GIS and converted to almost any vector and raster formats without loss of image quality. The algorithm for developing a system of symbols for veterinary significant objects will be used in the Draft of the preliminary national standard in the future.

The spread of animal infections is a major biological threat given the large number of animals imported into the Russian Federation in recent years. The deposit of already studied strains, on the basis of which specific prophylactics are produced, is necessary to prevent biological threats and protect the population and the environment from the impact of dangerous biological factors. Formation, preservation and development of the national collection of pathogenic microorganisms is the main task of the state policy in the field of chemical and biological security in the part concerning resource provision of the national system of chemical and biological security. Studying the properties of microorganism strains, especially those included in the composition of animal medicines, is the key to the epizootic well-being of the region where these vaccines are used. When analysing the monitoring of the epizootic situation on the territory of the Russian Federation, it is possible to assume the effectiveness of the use of a medicinal product through phylogenetic analysis of the genotypes of vaccine strains and isolates isolated in the focus of infection. In this way, it is possible to identify the source of the disease, understand the origin of the pathogen at a certain time interval, and assess the risk of using a particular prophylactic agent. Detailed analysis of isolates in individual regions creates prospects for retrospective analysis and identification of epizootically significant microorganisms in order to assess the variability of their cultural and morphological properties, pathogenicity, as well as to study their resistance to environmental factors and disinfectants. Special attention should be paid to the possibility of validation of diagnostic test systems, which is impossible without the presence of a characterised strain of microorganism.

Chlamydia of farm animals is an infectious disease that poses a potential threat to human health due to the possibility of disease as a result of contact with infected animals and birds. To date, vaccination remains the main method of prevention and control of infection. Currently, there is a question of developing preventive vaccines containing antigens in their composition, which make it possible to create stable immunity in most species of farm animals, which will expand the range of consumers due to economic benefits. The paper presents the results of studies on the selection of antigens from strains of the causative agent of chlamydia, which will serve as the basis for the design of a preventive drug that protects against infection. Antigens were obtained from strains isolated from various animal species with different forms of pathology. Chl. psittaci was cultured on developing chicken embryos, antigens were obtained from yolk membranes, inactivated and purified. The obtained antigens were studied for sterility, harmlessness, antigenic activity and immunogenicity for laboratory animals. The selection of the consortium was carried out on the basis of the conducted research. Antigens from strains 250, PC-85, AMK16 Chl. psittaci were selected as components for the future polyvid vaccine against chlamydia in farm animals.

Based on the analysis of the research experience of various scientists in recent years, this article describes both the characteristic and non-specific pattern of the manifestation of caseous lymphadenitis, possible methods of combating epizootics, including through active immunization of animals. Existing data do not sufficiently disclose the pathogenesis and can be used for preliminary diagnosis, and control methods developed during many years of research and testing do not always effectively solve the problem of epizootics, which is due, among other things, to the lack of vaccines.

Testosterone is a hormone that is predominantly formed in Leydig cells adjacent to the seminal tubules of the testis, in the ovaries and adrenal cortex [1, 5, 6]. Testosterone production is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary system under the guidance of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), between which there is negative feedback [5-6]. In addition to GnRH and LH, testosterone is also interconnected with other hormones: melatonin [14], oxytocin [15], thyroid hormones [16]. Testosterone has a great effect on the body of animals. Thus, it promotes the growth and maturation of bone tissue [17], prevents oxidative damage to the brain [19-20], affects metabolism [21], as well as animal behavior [23]. In addition, studies have noted the important role of the hormone in spermatogenesis. Testosterone, binding to the androgen receptor, regulates the proliferation and maturation of Sertoli cells, maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, regulates the meiotic and post-meiotic processes of germ cells [27-30]. The effect of the hormone on sperm cryoresistance is noted, however, some authors emphasize the negative effect of testosterone on cryoresistance [32- 33], while others point to a beneficial effect [34]. In females, testosterone, together with other androgens, binds to androgen receptors, changes the activity of other receptors, and also interacts with growth factors [36]. Studies show that the hormone, together with LH, is able to stimulate the production of progesterone [37]. It is known that many factors influence the dynamics of testosterone in the blood. For example, with the passage of age, androgens in the blood decrease in bulls [41], however, in adult rams, the testosterone content is 1.8 times higher than in younger individuals [43]. Another factor worth noting is animal feeding: studies show that a diet with a higher protein content contributes to a positive effect on animals, as well as increases hormone levels [44-45]. In addition, heat stress suppresses the expression of enzymes involved in testosterone synthesis [47].

The main task of veterinary reproductive medicine is to ensure healthy and healthy offspring. However, diseases of the reproductive organs in dogs remain one of the unsolved problems of modern veterinary gynecology. Among them, a special place is occupied by cystic lesions of the ovaries and uterus.

The need for an in-depth description of the morphofunctional characteristics of the organs of the reproductive system of bitches in pathology is still relevant, since the diagnosis of gynecological diseases in carnivores is ambiguous, and data regarding the causes of cystic formations in dogs are scattered and incomplete.

Modern ultrasound diagnostics of the ovaries and uterus in combination with clinical, biochemical, immunological and hormonal studies allows us to determine some of the causes of the occurrence and development of ovarian pathologies in dogs.

Elevated cholesterol levels can be considered in conjunction with elevated levels of estradiol, which is a sex steroid hormone derived from cholesterol. In our case, the level of progesterone did not exceed the normal physiological parameters characteristic of the stage of anesthesia, while the indicators of testosterone and estradiol were increased.

A significant increase in the concentration of the hormones testosterone and estradiol may cause an imbalance in the reproductive system of the body and may provoke the development of cysts and other neoplasms.

Chlamydia and mycoplasma infections can also contribute to the appearance and development of ovarian cysts.

In order to improve the forecasting system for the occurrence and development of cystic neoplasms, a subsequent study of the pathogenesis of diseases of the reproductive system of bitches is required in order to identify new interdependencies in it.

The aim of this study was to perform a preputiotomy with the formation of an artificial opening in a breeding bull to realize his reproductive potential. Scientific and production research was conducted in the spring of 2024. In a 3.5-year-old Holstein breeding bull, kept at a breeding station for keeping breeding bulls, acroposthitis and fibrous lesion of the penis in the area of the S-shaped bend were detected due to the developed infectious process caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The resulting pathology prevented the penis from fully extending beyond the preputial sac when collecting sperm for an artificial vagina (the last sperm collection was performed on 02/07/2024). The operation performed consisted of the following stages: insertion of a thick-walled tube into the preputial sac for better orientation in the tissues; making a V-shaped incision of all layers of the prepuce near its fornix; excision of the prepuce section necessary for free removal of the penis when collecting sperm; formation of an artificial opening by connecting the parietal preputial layer to the skin with an interrupted suture. The postoperative period included daily monitoring of the animal's condition, antibiotic therapy (amoxicillin (0.15 g), three injections every 48 hours), and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (meloxicam (0.002 g), 3 days). A month after the operation, sperm was collected (06.05.2024, three months later) and the presence of all unconditioned reflexes was noted. At the same time, the copulatory reflex was full, painless and ended in ejaculation. The obtained volume of sperm after two mountings was 2.5 ml, the concentration was 1.3x108, the activity was 8 points. Thus, preputiotomy is an effective method for surgical correction of lesions of the preputial sac and adhesions in the area of the S-shaped bend of the penis in breeding bulls.

Pericardial effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity, which can lead to cardiac tamponade, an acute life–threatening condition of the animal. Cardiac tamponade may be manifested by severe weakness, hypotension and secondary sinus tachycardia. Depending on the causes of pericardial disease and pericardial effusion, the clinical signs can vary greatly from the rate of its accumulation. The purpose of this work is to systematize the clinical signs in dogs with pericardial diseases accompanied by pericardial effusions. All animals were examined according to a technique including anamnesis collection, clinical examination of the patient, echocardiography, electrocardiography, chest X-ray, chest and abdominal ultrasonography for the presence of effusion (if necessary), cytology of effusion, histology of pathological material obtained intraoperatively (if necessary). Clinical signs of pericardial effusion in dogs were more dependent on the presence of cardiac tamponade, the severity of the process and the causes of its occurrence. The most common symptoms were weakness, shortness of breath, fainting, ascites and hydrothorax. Rare symptoms such as vomiting (9%), which was observed within 48 hours before confirmation of pericardial effusion, and vocalization (3%) with severe weakness/fainting, which may indicate pain, require further observation.

The aim of the study was to establish the degree of influence of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on the restoration of the clinical condition and balance of the intestinal microbiome of animals after antibiotic therapy.

We studied 20 cats of different ages who underwent antibacterial therapy using the drug Ceftriaxone at a dose of 20.0 mg per kg of body weight 2 times a day, in the form of intramuscular injections, divided into four groups, each of which included five animals.

The animals of the first group were prescribed the probiotic "Subtilis". The latter was administered orally in a dose of 8 drops, for 14 days. Animals of the second group were prescribed the probiotic "Subtilis" at the same dose and with the same multiplicity, as well as the prebiotic "Vetelact" in addition to it, at the rate of 0.1 ml per 1.0 kg of body weight daily for 14 days. The animals of the third group were administered orally the synbiotic "Evitalia-Vet" 1 tablet for 14 days. The fourth group was a control group. The animals included in it were under observation and did not receive any drugs.

It was found that the restoration of the clinical state and balance of the intestinal microbiome after antibiotic therapy was most intensive in animals receiving the probiotic "Subtilis" and the prebiotic "Vetelact". Under the influence of these drugs, at the end of treatment, the level of hemoglobin, erythrocytes and hematocrit decreased by 22.0%, 19.0% and 15.7%, respectively, in animals receiving them, compared with the indicators before it began. Also, in comparison with other groups, animals receiving the probiotic "Subtilis" and the prebiotic "Vetelact" showed a more pronounced decrease in the level of urea and total protein in blood serum, while the number of lactobacilli at the end of treatment was 42.0% higher, and the population of E. coli decreased by 37.0%, in comparison with control.

Thus, the simultaneous administration of probiotics and prebiotics to animals after undergoing antibiotic therapy gives the most effective result, manifested in the accelerated restoration of their clinical condition and the balance of the intestinal microbiome.

The aim of the study was to establish the degree of influence of the feed additive "Healthy calf" on the normalization of clinical and morphological blood parameters, when it was introduced into the treatment regimen for bronchopneumonia in calves.

The production experience was carried out in a farm that was safe for diseases of infectious etiology. The experiment involved 30 black-and-white calves aged 20 to 30 days, of which three groups were formed. The first (control) intact group (n=10) included clinically healthy animals. The second (n=10) and third (n=10) experimental groups included animals with a clinical manifestation of nonspecific catarrhal bronchopneumonia. The animals of the second and third groups were prescribed a treatment regimen based on antibacterial therapy. They were prescribed Streptomycin sulfate as an antimicrobial drug, at a dose of 10.0 mg / kg of body weight twice a day until full recovery. At the same time, during the entire experiment, as an addition to the above treatment regimen, animals of the third group were given oral probiotic supplement "Healthy Calf".

Blood samples to determine the values of its main clinical and morphological parameters were taken at the beginning of the experiment, as well as on the seventh and 14th days of its conduct. Blood tests were performed using generally accepted techniques.

It has been established that the use of probiotic feed additive "Healthy Calf" in addition to treatment regimens for catarrhal nonspecific bronchopneumonia can reduce the degree of anemia and the intensity of the inflammatory process.

In conditions of intensification of livestock farming, urbanization of society, accompanied by an increase in the number of productive and small domestic animals, changes in the conditions of their keeping, feeding, and exploitation, the number of non-communicable diseases is significantly increasing. Surgical diseases occupy a special place among them. In addition to accidental wounds, in some cases they are technologically widespread, especially in pig farming - castration, tail trimming, etc., accompanied by various kinds of complications.

Classic measures of their treatment quite often do not give the expected effect, but due to the fact that any damage, including surgical damage, leads to the development of an immunodeficiency state.

In such cases, the use of new techniques based on the use of immunotropic drugs is promising.

It has been shown that the effectiveness of the wound-healing effect of thymogen and ribav is determined by the size of the defect, before or after the start of bioregulatory therapy, and treatment methods.

It has been established that for wounds complicated by a fracture of the femur in outbred rats, the use of 5-day. A course of thymogen against the background of the use of kollapan-L causes more pronounced osteogenesis and ensures the formation of a more mature callus on the 45th day than in the control.

Damage to the hooves of moose breeding stock reaches a 30% level. The main reason for this, in contrast to wild livestock, is the violation of housing and feeding. The inclusion of thymogen in complex therapy helps restore the clinical status of animals, as well as reduce the inflammatory reaction, endogenous and bacterial intoxication, and increase adaptive reactions, as evidenced by the dynamics of integral leukocyte indices.

Application 5 days course of thymogen starting immediately after castration 5 months. boars in combination with etiotropic drugs helped to reduce the intensity of local reactions, the number of postoperative complications by four times, increased safety by 14.29%, average daily gains in live weight, and the production of meat products compared to the control of the highest category, in terms of cost when sold. The use of ribav was also effective, but less technologically advanced for mass processing of livestock.

The article is devoted to the problems with the dental apparatus, indications and techniques of tooth extraction in dogs. Tooth extraction is an operative intervention in which the gum and periodontal tissues are separated in order to extract a tooth or root from the alveolar well. Various dental pathologies in dogs are very common. Dentistry has recently become a popular specialty among veterinary specialists. Mostly owners go to the veterinary clinic with complaints about the presence of an unpleasant odor from the oral cavity of their pet. It is much rare for owners to notice soreness in the animal during feed consumption, hypersalivation, the presence of blood and pus impurities, and a violation of jaw closure. There are certain indications for tooth extraction, which are divided into urgent and planned. Indications for urgent extraction include tooth mobility with an acute pain reaction, inability to take food, periapical abscess, etc. The planned tooth extraction includes: temporary teeth, teeth that injure soft tissues, dental pathologies that are not amenable to therapy, the presence of granulomas, cysts, and tumors on the roots of the tooth.

Dental pathologies are one of the most common reasons why rabbit owners contact a veterinarian. With all this, the teeth of rabbits are anatomically and physiologically different from cats and dogs, so transferring knowledge from the dentistry of carnivorous animals will be erroneous. A distinctive physiological feature of rabbits is their long and strong incisors, slightly protruding forward. They are needed to grind incoming food so that it is easier for the cheek teeth to grind or chew it. Teeth wear down on their own only when the rabbit eats food containing at least 70% coarse fiber, for example, hay or grass pellets. But sometimes, due to genetic predisposition, failure to comply with proper feeding or maintenance, acquired dental disease occurs in animals. This pathology requires qualified help and correction of teeth, however, in order to save money, sometimes owners independently trim the incisors using a nail clipper or nippers, which often leads to a worsening of the situation and spending even more money on the treatment of complications that have arisen. The diagnostic method using an X-ray machine is today one of the most accurate and safe ways to make a diagnosis. The surgical method of treating malocclusion of incisors in Krolkians is the most preferable, as it eliminates all etiopathological factors.

Reparative regeneration of bone tissue occurs by activating complex biological processes. In some cases, there is a need to stimulate these processes using biomaterials. One of the suitable biomaterials that has a stimulating effect on osteogenesis is hydroxypatite doped with silicate ions (silicate-substituted hydroxyapatite). Analogues of this biomaterial are used to replace bone tissue in clinical practice and show relatively high efficiency of use, which makes it possible to improve the structure by introducing various components into it. Thus, the osteoplastic material we proposed is being studied for the efficiency of use and evaluation of stimulation of reparative regeneration. Preclinical study was conducted on the basis of the Institute of Biomedical and Biological Sciences of the Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin. In vivo studies were conducted using granules of silicate-substituted hydroxyapatite in a ratio of 50/50 to wollastonite with a diameter of 0.5 mm. The objects of the study were laboratory rabbits with models of bone defects performed in the form of an induced fracture of the proximal third of the tibia diaphysis with subsequent fixation by transosseous introduction of pins. Groups of animals were formed: experimental with the introduction of silicate-substituted hydroxyapatite granules into the defect cavity and control without defect replenishment. To assess the course of reparative regeneration and osteogenesis, an X-ray examination was performed on the 7th and 21st days, and an assessment of the clinical condition of the animals was carried out for 30 days. According to the X-ray images obtained on the 7th day, the following changes were revealed: the experimental group of animals showed signs of new bone tissue formation, as well as full contact of the defect cavity with the studied osteoplastic material, while in animals from the control group, clearly defined edges of the defect zone are visualized without signs of bone regenerate formation. Repeated X-ray examination on the 21st day showed pronounced signs of bone callus formation in the experimental group, while in the control group the regeneration process was slower, the formation of bone regenerate was less pronounced, and initial signs of fibrocartilaginous bone callus formation were noted. The data obtained during the study suggest that silicate-substituted hydroxyapatite has a stimulating effect on reparative regeneration and requires further study.

The development of a method for the treatment of orthopedic diseases of horses using stem cells, in particular allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells, is an urgent scientific and applied task of veterinary medicine. The widespread use of tissue engineering technologies is limited by the lack of extensive clinical studies that would confirm the effectiveness and safety of this therapy. The aim of the study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of parenteral administration of allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells to horses in orthopedic diseases. The study involved 4 horses with desmitis of the suspensory ligament (interosseous third muscle). Mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from donor adipose tissue were injected into the area of damage to the suspensory ligament twice with an interval of 14 days at a dose of 2x106 cells suspended in 2-15 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Injections did not cause the development of inflammatory reactions. According to the results of the study, all horses returned to full training on average 3.2 ± 0.01 months after the start of therapy.

Recently, the use of insects in various directions has been increasing, and the field of veterinary pharmacology has not become an exception. Biologically active substances from insects have become the object of increasingly intensive research, due to their unique properties, wide variety and potential in humane as well as veterinary medicine. Scientific research is published annually, which examines a variety of options for the use of chemical compounds of insects for therapeutic and preventive purposes. But despite this, there are no mass-produced drugs recognized by the consumer. The phenomenon in which the number of scientific studies is not proportional to the products sold can be considered a natural process when unprofitable projects are eliminated, but, compared with other studies of sources of medicinal raw materials, an incomparable percentage of insect products "does not reach" mass sales. The identified causes slowing the development of entomoceutics can partially identify the shortcomings of modern humane and veterinary pharmacology and expand general knowledge about the subtle moment of transition from the initial idea to the products being sold by the example of insect medicines. Neural networks can make a significant contribution to the development of veterinary entomoceutics, allowing to accelerate the process of developing new drugs from insects, improve the selection of effective therapy for specific patients, taking into account genetic predispositions on which the activity of the body's enzymatic systems depends, as well as the presence or absence of idiosyncratic reactions in animals, and optimize ways to predict the activity of substances in a particular organism. With proper research, description of methods for the isolation and purification of active substances, centralized regulation, the use of neural networks and the necessary financing, entomoceutics is able to fill the market with high-quality veterinary pharmacological preparations, which, with less financial and time costs, will not yield pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties to medicinal substances obtained in a traditional longer-term way, which will allow in a short time to withdraw veterinary medicine pharmacology to a new qualitative level.

To date, an important task is the development of medicines based on antibiotics and excipients with an active effect. Such combinations, in turn, should enhance the susceptibility of microorganisms to chemotherapeutic agents [1]. The main purpose of our experiments was to study the tolerability of a drug based on amoxicillin and succinic acid on piglets in therapeutic and fivefold doses [5]. The tests were carried out at a pig breeding complex in the Leningrad region. All selected piglets of a large white breed were quarantined for seven days, after which they were admitted to the experiment. 60 healthy piglets, two months old with an average body weight of 25 kg, were divided into 3 groups: 2 experimental and 1 control group of 20 animals each. One of the experimental groups was administered the drug with feed at a dose of 0.0175 g per kg of body weight, the second at a fivefold increased dose of 0.0875 g per kg of body weight 1 time once for 10 days. Based on the data obtained to study the tolerability of a drug based on amoxicillin and succinic acid, we found that using it with food once, for 10 days in a therapeutic 0.0175 g and in a fivefold increased dose of 0.0875 g per kg of body weight did not have a pathological effect on the body of the piglets tested. During the experiment, all animals remained alive, the indicators of the control and experimental groups were within the reference range and did not significantly differ from each other. The results obtained confirm the safety of using the drug based on amoxicillin and succinic acid in the recommended dosage regimen.

The article presents the results of pharmacokinetic studies of the drug Amoxiyantar in pigs. The results obtained indicate that amoxicillin is distributed throughout the tissues of animals, providing therapeutic concentrations in the studied dosage, ensuring effective distribution in the organs and tissues of the body of pigs, and also confirm the bioavailability of succinic acid with a high concentration in the blood plasma for an average of two hours. Based on the results of determining the dynamics of excretion of residual amounts of amoxicillin, it was detected in only one animal in the kidneys at a concentration of 54.9 μg/kg and in muscle tissue at a concentration of 25.2 μg/kg. In the remaining tissue samples of pigs obtained two days after application of the drug, as well as in all tissue samples of pigs obtained from the sixth day to the 18th day after application of the drug, amoxicillin was not detected.

The article discusses materials on the hygiene of honeybee watering, shows the importance of water for their life and health, as well as formulates the main methods of solving the problem and gives practical recommendations. In conclusion, the authors of the article conclude that in the conditions of modern intensive technologies, watering honeybees with good-quality water is one of the leading indicators of the sanitary well-being of beekeeping facilities, which is achieved by carrying out a complex of organizational, economic, veterinary and sanitary measures. The materials of the scientific article presented by the authors have theoretical and applied significance, can be used both in scientific and practical activities.

Turkey breeding as an independent branch of domestic poultry farming is currently one of the most promising areas of agriculture. Over the past decades, there has been an active growth in demand for the products of this sector, which entails a proportionate increase in the share of enterprises specializing in turkey breeding. The intensification of turkey breeding in Russia has led to the need to structure and standardize technological processes by developing a narrowly focused regulatory framework. In addition, the problem of ensuring the epizootic well-being of turkey farms also remains relevant today. Regular vaccination is the main measure of veterinary control, which limits or completely stops the dissemination of infections between farms. This article highlights statistical data that most fully reflect the dynamics of turkey farming development in our country; studies the existing regulatory framework governing the stages of poultry production; and also touches upon issues of specific prevention of a number of the most economically significant infectious diseases of birds.

It is predicted that by 2050, up to 15% of proteins will be produced by insects [1; 6; 7]. Fats and enzymes, as well as chitinous coatings, ingredients currently widely used in cosmetology and the chemical industry, are valuable by-products [3]. The advantages of enterprises aimed at using insects as productive animals are lower expenditure on feed, insects have a more flexible digestive system and highly active enzymes, which allows them to obtain maximum energy and nutrients even from not the highest quality feed [5]. The Argentine cockroach is superior to other productive insects in many respects, which may make it the most promising species for the development of industrial entomology.

In contemporary agricultural contexts, the sector is experiencing active processes of automation, underscoring the need for effective tools to develop such automated systems. The utilization of automation tools enhances the efficiency of numerous processes, including those in the domain of animal monitoring. This article examines the application of the AutoML approach as a means for automating the process of generating deep learning models employed in automatic monitoring systems. The VGG19 architecture has been chosen as a testbed for demonstrating the capabilities of the developed technologies. This well-established architecture for deep learning models is designed for object recognition in images.

The present study implements a technology for automated structural-parametric synthesis of VGG19 models and the optimization of their hyperparameters. Such an approach allows for the automated creation of models tailored to specific applied problems, even for users lacking specialized knowledge in deep learning.

The system delineated in this work is developed on the AutoGenNet software platform, which embodies the No-Code development concept. This concept conceals complex aspects of model creation and training processes from users, significantly lowering the entry barrier for newcomers. Additionally, the AutoGenNet platform incorporates a mechanism for the automatic generation of software wrappers, facilitating efficient interaction with trained models.

All aforementioned aspects have contributed to the effective implementation of the AutoML approach for automating the generation and training processes of the VGG19 model. Consequently, the processes associated with solving automatic monitoring tasks reliant on deep learning models have been significantly simplified and expedited.

The developed system has been tested on the task of recognizing individual cows. Test results indicated that the system possesses a high degree of scalability and can be adapted for the automated generation of other object recognition models, thereby opening avenues for addressing a diverse array of applied challenges related to the monitoring of various animal species.

Deer can hardly be called agricultural, much less domestic animals, but the history of keeping and breeding these amazing animals is very peculiar and time-consuming. In the countries of Northern Europe, rock carvings depicting deer in a stall or enclosing structures, which are about 5,000 years old, are still found. Since ancient times, deer have been hunted both for meat and for entertainment, in Western European countries the deer was a "royal" trophy available only to aristocrats, but in extreme cases (for example, in case of war) deer meat saved people from starvation. In peacetime, the ban on hunting for commoners maintained the number of these animals in the wild at a certain constant level, most red deer and fallow deer lived in park areas, in fact, representing the prototype of a modern deer farm. Deer were also kept in farms, menageries, nature reserves, and since the middle of the 20th century, modern deer farms have become widespread. According to statistics from the European Reindeer Herders Association FEDFA, there were 75,150 owners of red deer and 204,550 owners of fallow deer. So, only in modern Britain there are about 300 reindeer herding farms, where the deer is already considered quite a familiar, agricultural animal.

The study provides a zoohygienic assessment of the use of the disinfectants "Kemisept", "Kreolin" and "Monclavit-1" when using them to treat premises in service dog breeding conditions based on their effect on the blood parameters of dogs. It is noted that the preparations "Kemisept" and "Monclavit-1" do not affect the hematopoietic system when treating premises for keeping, whereas after using the "Kreolin" agent, erythrocytosis up to 8.82±0.43*1012/l and hyperchromia up to 209.0±5.9 g/l with an increase in the hematocrit value up to 61.2±0.9% were observed in the dogs' blood, which was higher than the reference values by 4%, 10% and 9.3%, respectively. This change was assessed as a reaction of animals, accompanied by exicosis (possibly a single vomiting or mild diarrhea). Also, in the blood of the specified group of dogs, when assessing the leukogram, absolute (up to 1.56±0.03*109/l) and relative (up to 12.0±1.5%) eosinophilia was detected, which may indicate an allergenic effect of the drug "Creolin". Based on the data conducted in the work, it can be concluded that the use of the drugs "Kemisept" and "Monclavit-1" for the treatment of enclosures and care products in the conditions of service dog breeding is safe and does not lead to pronounced reactions of the dog's body to disinfection.

The Hanoverian breed is one of the promising breeds of sport horse breeding. A quick and accurate assessment of the condition of the body of a sport horse is one of the factors for the success of its sport career. In this study, we conducted a clinical blood analysis of mares of different ages of the Hanoverian breed. This allowed us to expand the database for interpreting the results of laboratory tests of the blood of horses of the Hanoverian breed.

Many authors note the importance of timely detection and elimination of metabolic disorders in horses and suggest using morphological parameters of blood to assess the functional state of their body. The interpretation of laboratory test results is carried out taking into account a variety of data, including age. The literature contains data on age-related changes in the blood of different animal species, different horse breeds, including the Hanoverian, as well as horses with different physical loads. The obtained information about the gerontology of Hanoverian mares kept in the Northwestern Federal District, namely the Leningrad Region, whose soils are poor in iodine, allows us to increase the accuracy of interpreting the results of laboratory studies, which makes our work relevant.

Evolutionarily acquired adaptation mechanisms allow us to adapt to the natural and climatic conditions of the place of keeping. In view of this, there are studies of the blood of horses of aboriginal breeds

There are not so many current data on the ecological and physiological adaptation of the Hanoverian breed today. Although the breed is one of the most promising in sports horse breeding according to the results of the Olympic Games of the 21st century. A more detailed study of its physiology is also a topical issue.

Therefore, the aim of the study was to study age-related changes in the morphological parameters of the blood of Hanoverian mares in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation.

The study was conducted on the basis of a stud farm in the Tosnensky District of the Leningrad Region, specializing in breeding Hanoverian horses. The horses are kept in a stable, receive the same diet in the form of dry fodder (harvested in the fields near the stable) and fresh grass, and walk on the pasture for 8-9 hours daily. For the study, 20 clinically healthy mares were selected, which were divided into 4 age groups of 5 horses each. Blood was collected in the summer 2 hours after the walk, an hour before feeding, taking into account the rules of asepsis and antisepsis in vacuum tubes for hematology with K3EDTA. The following parameters were determined in each sample: ESR (using Panchenkov pipettes), hemoglobin concentration (hemoglobin cyanide method using acetone cyanohydrin), the concentration of erythrocytes and leukocytes was counted using a counting chamber with a Goryaev grid. When analyzing the data obtained, it was found that the average erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the number of leukocytes exceed the upper limits of the reference values. A significant increase in the ESR level was found in the group of animals aged 16 years and older (p<0,05). The concentration of erythrocytes was significantly higher in the group of horses aged 2-4 years (p><0,05). The concentration of leukocytes in the group of horses aged 16 years and older was significantly (p><0,05) lower compared to the average value. Key words: blood morphology, horses, mares, age, Hanoverian horse, leukogram>˂0,05). The concentration of erythrocytes was significantly higher in the group of horses aged 2-4 years (p˂0,05). The concentration of leukocytes in the group of horses aged 16 years and older was significantly (p˂0,05) lower compared to the average value.

Sheep farming is one of the key branches of animal husbandry in the Russian Federation. Various measures aimed at further increasing the useful qualities in sheep breeding are based not only on breeding principles, but also on the achievements of veterinary sciences. It is quite understandable that the special attention of biological science and agricultural practice to the breed, age, and species characteristics of animals, namely to the reproduction system, allows us to scientifically and correctly raise issues in breeding, care, feeding, exploitation and reproduction. Not knowing the issues of anatomical topography, the structure of organs in animals of different age groups, it is difficult to carry out various medical manipulations in surgical or obstetric and gynecological practice. The study was conducted at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. Cadaveric material for the study was delivered to the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine from a farm in the Leningrad Region. Female sheep of the Edilbaev breed served as the object of the study. Three age groups were selected for the study. The study established the anatomical features of the uterus in the age aspect in sheep of the Edilbaev breed, and morphometric measurements were carried out in three age-related physiological groups (fetuses, newborns, young). Skeleto- and syntopia of all parts of the uterus was determined in different age groups. It was established that the uterus of sheep of the Edilbaevsky breed belongs to mobile organs, that is, depending on physiological conditions, it can change its topographic location points. Morphometry has determined that there is an uneven increase in the components of all parts of the uterus from the fetal period to the age stage of the young. The results of the study can be used by veterinary specialists, in particular obstetricians, surgeons to establish operative access to the uterus and in obstetric and gynecological practice in sheep breeding.

The article analyzes the seasonal dynamics of mineral metabolism indicators in adult horses kept in private stables in the Leningrad region. As a result of the research, knowledge of the concentration and dependence of indicators on the seasonality of the year was obtained. It is important to remember that macro- and microelements are not synthesized in the body, they come from food, water, and air. The degree of their assimilation depends on the state of the respiratory and digestive organs. The most difficult period for animals is winter, when there is a decrease in the resistance of the body as a whole due to poor climatic conditions and minimizing physical activity in the fresh air. All these are predisposing factors for the imbalance of indicators at the level of the whole organism.

It is established that in the autumn-winter period there is a decrease in indicators relative to the average annual digital values. Thus, there is a linear relationship between the concentration of calcium and phosphorus in blood serum – the minimum values are observed in winter and are 2.53±0.27 mmol/l and 1.76± 0.11 mmol/l, respectively. And the maximum values are typical for the autumn period and are 3.63±0.29 mmol/l for calcium and 2.33±0.12 mmol/l for phosphorus. Similar dynamics is observed in other indicators of the body's mineral metabolism. Thus, for trace elements such as copper, iron, protein-bound iodine, the minimum values were noted in the spring period. This can be explained by a decrease in the mineral components of the feed itself, as a result of long-term storage, resulting in changes in the chemical composition of vegetable feed with fat oxidation. Microelementoses and osteodystrophic processes are observed in animals. The autumn period is characterized by the highest concentrations of minerals in the blood serum of horses, on average by 8-12% compared with the average annual figures, This is explained by the fact that it was in the summer period that the greatest benefit was obtained from juicy plant substances of feed and proper exercise.

This knowledge is necessary to understand the processes occurring in the body of horses at different times of the year and the possibility of correcting mineral supplements based on the data obtained